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Compare Martinique (2001) - Arctic Ocean (2005)

Compare Martinique (2001) z Arctic Ocean (2005)

 Martinique (2001)Arctic Ocean (2005)
 MartiniqueArctic Ocean
Administrative divisions none (overseas department of France) -
Age structure 0-14 years:
23.1% (male 49,016; female 47,653)

15-64 years:
66.77% (male 139,106; female 140,291)

65 years and over:
10.13% (male 18,893; female 23,495) (2001 est.)		 -
Agriculture - products pineapples, avocados, bananas, flowers, vegetables, sugarcane -
Airports 2 (2000 est.) -
Airports - with paved runways total:
1

over 3,047 m:
1 (2000 est.)		 -
Airports - with unpaved runways total:
1

under 914 m:
1 (2000 est.)		 -
Area total:
1,100 sq km

land:
1,060 sq km

water:
40 sq km		 total: 14.056 million sq km


note: includes Baffin Bay, Barents Sea, Beaufort Sea, Chukchi Sea, East Siberian Sea, Greenland Sea, Hudson Bay, Hudson Strait, Kara Sea, Laptev Sea, Northwest Passage, and other tributary water bodies
Area - comparative slightly more than six times the size of Washington, DC slightly less than 1.5 times the size of the US
Background Colonized by France in 1635, the island has subsequently remained a French possession except for three brief periods of foreign occupation. The Arctic Ocean is the smallest of the world's five oceans (after the Pacific Ocean, Atlantic Ocean, Indian Ocean, and the recently delimited Southern Ocean). The Northwest Passage (US and Canada) and Northern Sea Route (Norway and Russia) are two important seasonal waterways. A sparse network of air, ocean, river, and land routes circumscribes the Arctic Ocean.
Birth rate 15.76 births/1,000 population (2001 est.) -
Budget revenues:
$900 million

expenditures:
$2.5 billion, including capital expenditures of $140 million (1996)		 -
Capital Fort-de-France -
Climate tropical; moderated by trade winds; rainy season (June to October); vulnerable to devastating cyclones (hurricanes) every eight years on average; average temperature 17.3 degrees C; humid polar climate characterized by persistent cold and relatively narrow annual temperature ranges; winters characterized by continuous darkness, cold and stable weather conditions, and clear skies; summers characterized by continuous daylight, damp and foggy weather, and weak cyclones with rain or snow
Coastline 350 km 45,389 km
Constitution 28 September 1958 (French Constitution) -
Country name conventional long form:
Department of Martinique

conventional short form:
Martinique

local long form:
Departement de la Martinique

local short form:
Martinique		 -
Currency French franc (FRF); euro (EUR) -
Death rate 6.39 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.) -
Debt - external $180 million (1994) -
Dependency status overseas department of France -
Diplomatic representation from the US none (overseas department of France) -
Diplomatic representation in the US none (overseas department of France) -
Disputes - international none some maritime disputes (see littoral states)
Economic aid - recipient $NA; note - substantial annual aid from France -
Economy - overview The economy is based on sugarcane, bananas, tourism, and light industry. Agriculture accounts for about 6% of GDP and the small industrial sector for 11%. Sugar production has declined, with most of the sugarcane now used for the production of rum. Banana exports are increasing, going mostly to France. The bulk of meat, vegetable, and grain requirements must be imported, contributing to a chronic trade deficit that requires large annual transfers of aid from France. Tourism has become more important than agricultural exports as a source of foreign exchange. The majority of the work force is employed in the service sector and in administration. Economic activity is limited to the exploitation of natural resources, including petroleum, natural gas, fish, and seals.
Electricity - consumption 1.023 billion kWh (1999) -
Electricity - exports 0 kWh (1999) -
Electricity - imports 0 kWh (1999) -
Electricity - production 1.1 billion kWh (1999) -
Electricity - production by source fossil fuel:
100%

hydro:
0%

nuclear:
0%

other:
0% (1999)		 -
Elevation extremes lowest point:
Caribbean Sea 0 m

highest point:
Montagne Pelee 1,397 m		 lowest point: Fram Basin -4,665 m


highest point: sea level 0 m
Environment - current issues NA endangered marine species include walruses and whales; fragile ecosystem slow to change and slow to recover from disruptions or damage; thinning polar icepack
Ethnic groups African and African-white-Indian mixture 90%, white 5%, East Indian, Chinese less than 5% -
Exchange rates euros per US dollar - 1.0659 (January 2001), 1.0854 (2000), 0.9386 (1999); French francs per US dollar - 5.8995 (1998), 5.8367 (1997), 5.1155 (1996) -
Executive branch chief of state:
President Jacques CHIRAC of France (since 17 May 1995); Prefect Jean-Francois CORDET (since NA)

head of government:
President of the General Council Claude LISE (since 22 March 1992); President of the Regional Council Alfred MARIE-JEANNE (since NA March 1998)

cabinet:
NA

elections:
French president elected by popular vote for a seven-year term; prefect appointed by the French president on the advice of the French Ministry of Interior; the presidents of the General and Regional Councils are elected by the members of those councils		 -
Exports $250 million (f.o.b., 1997) -
Exports - commodities refined petroleum products, bananas, rum, pineapples -
Exports - partners France 45%, Guadeloupe 28% (1997) -
Fiscal year calendar year -
Flag description a light blue background is divided into four quadrants by a white cross; in the center of each rectangle is a white snake; the flag of France is used for official occasions -
GDP purchasing power parity - $4.39 billion (1997 est.) -
GDP - composition by sector agriculture:
6%

industry:
11%

services:
83% (1997 est.)		 -
GDP - per capita purchasing power parity - $11,000 (1997 est.) -
GDP - real growth rate NA% -
Geographic coordinates 14 40 N, 61 00 W 90 00 N, 0 00 E
Geography - note - major chokepoint is the southern Chukchi Sea (northern access to the Pacific Ocean via the Bering Strait); strategic location between North America and Russia; shortest marine link between the extremes of eastern and western Russia; floating research stations operated by the US and Russia; maximum snow cover in March or April about 20 to 50 centimeters over the frozen ocean; snow cover lasts about 10 months
Highways total:
2,105 km (2000)

paved:
NA km

unpaved:
NA km		 -
Household income or consumption by percentage share lowest 10%:
NA%

highest 10%:
NA%		 -
Illicit drugs transshipment point for cocaine and marijuana bound for the US and Europe -
Imports $2 billion (c.i.f., 1997) -
Imports - commodities petroleum products, crude oil, foodstuffs, construction materials, vehicles, clothing and other consumer goods -
Imports - partners France 62%, Venezuela 6%, Germany 4%, Italy 4%, US 3% (1997) -
Independence none (overseas department of France) -
Industrial production growth rate NA% -
Industries construction, rum, cement, oil refining, sugar, tourism -
Infant mortality rate 7.8 deaths/1,000 live births (2001 est.) -
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 3.9% (1990) -
International organization participation FZ, WCL, WFTU -
Internet Service Providers (ISPs) 2 (2000) -
Irrigated land 40 sq km (1993 est.) -
Judicial branch Court of Appeal or Cour d'Appel -
Labor force 170,000 (1997) -
Labor force - by occupation agriculture 10%, industry 17%, services 73% (1997) -
Land boundaries 0 km -
Land use arable land:
8%

permanent crops:
8%

permanent pastures:
17%

forests and woodland:
44%

other:
23% (1993 est.)		 -
Languages French, Creole patois -
Legal system French legal system -
Legislative branch unicameral General Council or Conseil General (45 seats; members are elected by popular vote to serve six-year terms) and a unicameral Regional Assembly or Conseil Regional (41 seats; members are elected by popular vote to serve six-year terms)

elections:
General Council - last held NA March 2000 (next to be held NA 2006); Regional Assembly - last held on 15 March 1998 (next to be held by March 2004)

election results:
General Council - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - NA; note - the PPM won a plurality; Regional Assembly - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - RPR-UDF 14, MIM 13, PPM 7, left parties 4, PMS 3

note:
Martinique elects 2 seats to the French Senate; elections last held NA September 1998 (next to be held September 2001); results - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - PPM 2; Martinique also elects 4 seats to the French National Assembly; elections last held 1 June 1997 (next to be held NA 2002); results - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - RPR 2, PS 1, independent 1		 -
Life expectancy at birth total population:
78.41 years

male:
79.11 years

female:
77.69 years (2001 est.)		 -
Literacy definition:
age 15 and over can read and write

total population:
93%

male:
92%

female:
93% (1982 est.)		 -
Location Caribbean, island in the Caribbean Sea, north of Trinidad and Tobago body of water between Europe, Asia, and North America, mostly north of the Arctic Circle
Map references Central America and the Caribbean Arctic Region
Maritime claims exclusive economic zone:
200 NM

territorial sea:
12 NM		 -
Merchant marine none (2000 est.) -
Military - note defense is the responsibility of France -
Military branches French forces (Army, Navy, Air Force), Gendarmerie -
National holiday Bastille Day, 14 July (1789) -
Nationality noun:
Martiniquais (singular and plural)

adjective:
Martiniquais		 -
Natural hazards hurricanes, flooding, and volcanic activity (an average of one major natural disaster every five years) ice islands occasionally break away from northern Ellesmere Island; icebergs calved from glaciers in western Greenland and extreme northeastern Canada; permafrost in islands; virtually ice locked from October to June; ships subject to superstructure icing from October to May
Natural resources coastal scenery and beaches, cultivable land sand and gravel aggregates, placer deposits, polymetallic nodules, oil and gas fields, fish, marine mammals (seals and whales)
Net migration rate -0.08 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2001 est.) -
Political parties and leaders Martinique Independence Movement or MIM [Alfred MARIE-JEANNE]; Martinique Progressive Party or PPM [Camille DARSIERES]; Martinique Socialist Party or PMS [Ernest WAN-AJOUHU]; Rally for the Republic or RPR [Michel CHARLONE]; Union for French Democracy or UDF (replaced by Martinique Forces of Progress) [Jean MAREN] -
Political pressure groups and leaders Association for the Protection of Martinique's Heritage (ecologist) [Garcin MALSA]; Caribbean Revolutionary Alliance or ARC; Central Union for Martinique Workers or CSTM [Marc PULVAR]; Frantz Fanon Circle; League of Workers and Peasants; Proletarian Action Group or GAP; Socialist Revolution Group or GRS [Philippe PIERRE-CHARLES] -
Population 418,454 (July 2001 est.) -
Population below poverty line NA% -
Population growth rate 0.93% (2001 est.) -
Ports and harbors Fort-de-France, La Trinite Churchill (Canada), Murmansk (Russia), Prudhoe Bay (US)
Radio broadcast stations AM 0, FM 14, shortwave 0 (1998) -
Radios 82,000 (1997) -
Railways 0 km -
Religions Roman Catholic 95%, Hindu and pagan African 5% -
Sex ratio at birth:
1.02 male(s)/female

under 15 years:
1.03 male(s)/female

15-64 years:
0.99 male(s)/female

65 years and over:
0.8 male(s)/female

total population:
0.98 male(s)/female (2001 est.)		 -
Suffrage 18 years of age; universal -
Telephone system general assessment:
domestic facilities are adequate

domestic:
NA

international:
microwave radio relay to Guadeloupe, Dominica, and Saint Lucia; satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean)		 -
Telephones - main lines in use 170,000 (1997) -
Telephones - mobile cellular 15,000 (1997) -
Television broadcast stations 11 (plus nine repeaters) (1997) -
Terrain mountainous with indented coastline; dormant volcano central surface covered by a perennial drifting polar icepack that, on average, is about 3 meters thick, although pressure ridges may be three times that thickness; clockwise drift pattern in the Beaufort Gyral Stream, but nearly straight-line movement from the New Siberian Islands (Russia) to Denmark Strait (between Greenland and Iceland); the icepack is surrounded by open seas during the summer, but more than doubles in size during the winter and extends to the encircling landmasses; the ocean floor is about 50% continental shelf (highest percentage of any ocean) with the remainder a central basin interrupted by three submarine ridges (Alpha Cordillera, Nansen Cordillera, and Lomonosov Ridge)
Total fertility rate 1.8 children born/woman (2001 est.) -
Transportation - note - sparse network of air, ocean, river, and land routes; the Northwest Passage (North America) and Northern Sea Route (Eurasia) are important seasonal waterways
Unemployment rate 27.2% (1998) -
Waterways none -
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